Inglese/Simple Past
< Inglese
Il Past Simple, in inglese, è il tempo verbale che esprime un'azione passata e che non ha alcun legame con il presente.
Quando si usa il past simple:
- L’azione deve essersi svolta nel passato ed essere finita nel momento in cui si parla.
- Il tempo in cui l’azione si è svolta deve essere espresso nella frase o nel contesto (es. in 1990, last week...)
- Il tempo espresso deve essere passato e finito mentre si parla.(es. last week ma non this week)
Coniugazione di to be
modificaPersona | Forma affermativa | Forma negativa | Forma interogativa | Risposte brevi |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | was | wasn't | Was I? | Yes, I was / No, I wasn't |
You | were | weren't | Were you? | Yes, you were / No, you weren't |
He / She / It | was | wasn't | Was he / she / it? | Yes, he / she / it was / No, he / she / it wasn't |
We | were | weren't | Were we? | Yes, we were / No, we weren't |
You | were | weren't | Were you? | Yes, you were / No, you weren't |
They | were | weren't | Were they? | Yes, they were / No, they weren't |
Coniugazione dei verbi regolari
modificaPersona | Forma affermativa | Forma negativa | Forma interogativa | Risposte brevi |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | asked | didn't ask | Did I ask? | Yes, I did / No, I didn't |
You | asked | didn't ask | Did you ask? | Yes, you did / No, you didn't |
He / She / It | asked | didn't ask | Did he / she / it ask? | Yes, he / she / it did / No, he / she / it didn't |
We | asked | didn't ask | Did we ask? | Yes, we did / No, we didn't |
You | asked | didn't ask | Did you ask? | Yes, you did / No, you didn't |
They | asked | didn't ask | Did they ask? | Yes, they did / No, they didn't |
Come si può notare, il verbo alla forma affermativa ha la desinenza -ed.
Variazioni ortografiche
modifica- Se il verbo finisce per -e, si aggiunge solo una -d: observe → observed.
- Se il verbo termina per una -y preceduta da vocale, essa rimane tale; se invece è preceduta da una consonante la -y cade e si aggiunge -ied: play → played, study → studied.
- Se il verbo termina per consonante preceduta da vocale ed è monosillabico, si raddoppia l'ultima consonante e si aggiunge -ed: stop → stopped.
Verbi irregolari
modificaAlcuni verbi sono irregolari. Tali verbi, nel Past Simple, sono uguali in tutte le persone. Sotto ci sono le forme al Past Simple di alcuni verbi irregolari. Per la forma negativa si usa l'ausiliare do (did).
Persona | Forma affermativa | Forma negativa | Forma interogativa | Risposte brevi |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | ran | didn't run | Did I run? | Yes, I did / No, I didn't |
You | ran | didn't run | Did you run? | Yes, you did / No, you didn't |
He / She / It | ran | didn't run | Did he / she / it run? | Yes, he / she / it did / No, he / she / it didn't |
We | ran | didn't run | Did we run? | Yes, we did / No, we didn't |
You | ran | didn't run | Did you run? | Yes, you did / No, you didn't |
They | ran | didn't run | Did they run? | Yes, they did / No, they didn't |