Biologia per il liceo/Enzimi: differenze tra le versioni

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== Mechanism of Enzymes ==
 
[[Image:Carbonic anhydrase 1CA2 active site.png|right|350px]]|Immagine di un sito attivo di anidrasi carbonica umana tipo 2 .Vengono mostrati 3 residui di istidina (in rosa), idrossido (rosso e bianco) e zinco (viola).
L'immagine è stata creata usando il programma '''Accelrys DS Visualizer Pro 1.6''' and '''GIMP'''.
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The mechanism by which enzymes work is by lowering the activation energy of whatever reaction the specific enzyme is to catalyse. Each enzyme is entirely specific to the reactants; it will only work for one specific reaction, this is due to the unique active site of the enzyme. The enzyme's active site is in a unique 3D shape, with a unique pattern of electrostatic charge and hydrophobicity. Here the specific substrates, the substances upon which the enzyme works, are temporarily combined with the enzyme, forming an enzyme substrate complex, or ESC. The reaction then occurs, and the product of the reaction separates from the enzyme, at which point it may be used. The enzyme is then capable of repeating the reaction many thousands of times, although they may have to be replaced every so often.